PSP game updates were distributed as NPDRM .pkg files holding a patched
EBOOT (PBOOT.PBP) plus the data files the patch replaces. PkgUnpack reads
one: header, item table, both PARAM.SFOs, and the AES-128-CTR that covers
everything past the header - including the per-item key split, where an
item's pspType byte picks between the PSP and PS3 keys.
Nothing new is needed to decrypt these. All packages checked use PRX
tag 0x2E5E10F0 for their PBOOT, which PrxDecrypter already has a key for.
Also adds "PPSSPPHeadless --install-pkg=DIR", a sibling of --unpack-updater,
which installs without any UI. All packages install through it byte
-identically to a reference implementation.
Format notes are in docs/pkg_notes.md.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
The tracer records every basic block the CPU executes and can write the
instruction stream out to a file, which is the tool you want when something
corrupts state and the question is "what actually ran just before". It was
only reachable from Developer Tools in the UI, so a scripted session had no
way to turn it on, and reconstructing the same thing from log-only breakpoints
means guessing what to watch before you know what happened.
Five events: cpu.tracer.start/stop/flush/clear/status. start takes the two
buffer sizes and clears the JIT cache by default, because blocks compiled
before tracing was on don't carry the LogIRBlock instruction the tracer feeds
on - without that a hot loop compiled earlier simply never appears. The trace
ring is cyclic, so a finished recording holds the last maxTraceSize blocks:
start it, run into a crash, and the tail of the file is the instructions that
led there.
Only the IR cores drive the tracer, so start refuses on the others and says
which core is loaded rather than recording nothing; status reports the same
thing as `supported` so a client can tell that apart from "nothing executed".
Everything that mutates tracer state goes through Core_RunOnCPUThread, per
docs/DebuggerThreading.md.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
KL4E is Sony's second compression scheme for ~PSP modules, alongside gzip:
LZ77 tokens where every bit is arithmetic-coded, structurally close to LZMA.
PPSSPP could detect it but not decode it, so any module packed with it failed
to load at all - the loader reached the gzip path and bailed there.
Which scheme a compressed module uses is now decided by the payload's own
magic rather than assuming gzip. On a 6.61 flash0 dump this takes the kd/
modules that load from 126 to 129 of 129; libmp3.prx, libaac.prx and
libmp4.prx were the ones affected, and libmp3.prx decompresses to exactly the
elf_size its PRX header declares.
Two bounds problems in the format are fixed rather than reproduced: the match
copy is unchecked against the output buffer on real hardware, so a crafted
stream can write up to 255 bytes past it, and a long enough distance code
indexes copyDistProbs out of range. Input reads are bounded too - the format
carries no length and trusts the stream to terminate itself.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Found the cause of the red error screen the VSH ends on. Every resource load in
the boot succeeds - fonts, all the plugin RCOs, topmenu_icon.rco - and then:
sceIoOpen(flash0:/vsh/etc/index_02g.dat) -> fd 8
sceIoRead(8, 092a2d40, 496)
sceIoClose(8)
unresolved import sceResmgr/9dc14891, called from 'vsh_module'
sceKernelExitDeleteThread(1)
index_02g.dat is the index of what the XMB displays, and it is encrypted (it
starts "PSPsysGP"). sceResmgr_9DC14891 decrypts it. There was no sceResmgr module
at all, so the call trapped, the index stayed encrypted, and the ScePafJob thread
building the top menu exited - a shell with everything loaded and nothing to show.
This adds the module and the three tags it needs (0x0B2B90F0/91F0/92F0, keys and
code 0x5C) to PrxDecrypter.
It is not the whole fix yet: pspDecryptPRX() tries decryption types 0, 1, 2, 5
and 6, and this needs type 9, which JPCSP passes explicitly. So the call is now
reached and fails cleanly with a logged error instead of trapping, but does not
yet decrypt. Type 9 is a variant of type 2 and is the next job; the notes in
docs/VSHBootInvestigation.md say where it is in JPCSP and how to check a port
(159 bytes out, starting "release:").
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01GZq8ZtJmFY7bkX5FVkr3P9
Extends LoadAndStartVshKernelModules() to load the 11 real kd/*.prx
kernel drivers for --vsh (dmacman, systimer, memlmd_01g,
loadexec_01g, lowio, idstorage, syscon, rtc, wlan, wlanfirm_01g, utility),
ahead of the existing 4 VSH-specific modules.
Only active when g_runningVSH, no effect on normal game boot.
Improve implementations of sceKernelSm1ReferOperations and sceKernelIsIntrContext.
Add some more MMIO stubs (GPIO, SYSCON).
Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01GZq8ZtJmFY7bkX5FVkr3P9
(cherry picked from commit 7f3168b7df85e47438900016c9ee7d7ef01a0a28)
Load and start VSH's kernel modules before booting vshmain.prx
A few flash0 modules (vshbridge.prx, paf.prx, common_gui.prx,
common_util.prx) should run for real once we know we're
actually booting the VSH rather than a game, since our fakes are unlikely
to be good substitutes for the genuine thing.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01PSNaZnHCjmryS3ziVN9gZU
An updater's DATA.PSAR is a flat sequence of records - each is 0x150 bytes of
PRX-style encryption header, a 0x110 byte entry describing one file, and then
its compressed contents. So to get the files, you don't actually have to run it
and let it self-unpack - we can just do it.
Two steps per record. First "demangle": the 0x130 bytes at +0x20 are AES-CBC
encrypted on top of everything else and hide the PRX tag at +0xD0, so a KIRK
CMD7 pass with keyseed 0x55 comes first. Then the record is an ordinary PRX blob
for the decrypter we already have, once it knows the tag - 0x0E000000, which is
new here. Its key needs the kirk7 scramble applied, unlike every other key in
that table, which are stored already scrambled; hence the flag on TAG_INFO.
UnpackPSAR() takes a prefix filter, since the planned main use for this is pulling
flash0:/font out of an updater the user supplies (or from an ISO) rather than
extracting whole firmwares, although that can also be interesting for running
the VSH.
Tested on a 6.61 updater: 436 entries, all 418 files decrypt and decompress,
nothing fails. The contents are what they should be - 295 ~PSP modules, 61 PRF
files, 18 PGF fonts, and the encrypted XMB indices.
Two things it doesn't do yet. Every entry in that archive is named with a
five-digit token rather than a path; the real names live in tables 00001-00012
inside the archive itself, under their own separate encryption, so files come
out under the short name for now and the prefix filter can't match them.
And only the zlib compression format is currently supported.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01GZq8ZtJmFY7bkX5FVkr3P9
Homebrew commonly ships its unstripped ELF next to the EBOOT, which is already
how the symbol loader turns z_un_08841f98 into a function name. That same ELF
carries a DWARF .debug_line section, so the addresses can be mapped to source
files and lines too - and a backtrace stops being four hex numbers:
08841f98 move sp,fp mesh.zig:163
0883afa4 li v0,0x0 MenuState.zig:821
088260d8 andi at,v0,0xFFFF State.zig:40
0882a27c andi at,v0,0xFFFF engine.zig:468
Surfaced in three places: per frame in hle.backtrace, in the "hit" object that
cpu.breakpoint.hit and cpu.stepping share, and appended to the disassembly
window's status bar. The breakpoint case keys on the pc rather than the address,
since for a memory breakpoint the useful source location is the instruction that
did the access, not the data it touched.
Storage is a plain sorted table of absolute addresses per module. SymbolMap
keeps module-relative addresses because its .ppsym files are meant to be
reloaded by a different game that pulls in the same module; none of this is ever
written anywhere - it's regenerated from the ELF each boot - so there'd be
nothing for relative addresses to buy. Each module owns its own rows and file
names outright and is keyed the way SymbolMap::UnloadModule is, so unloading one
module drops its lines and nobody else's.
The subtle part is end-of-sequence markers. Without them a lookup for an address
in a gap - a compilation unit built without debug info - confidently reports the
last line of an unrelated file. A prototype run over one test binary
mis-attributed 70 of its 349 functions that way, so sequence ends are recorded
as rows with line 0 and a lookup landing on one reports nothing instead.
DWARF 2 through 4 are decoded (psp-gcc emits 2, Zig 4). Version 5 re-encoded the
file table, so those units are skipped with a warning rather than mis-parsed -
nothing targeting the PSP produces it today.
Scope, since it's narrower than it sounds: PRX conversion strips every .debug
section. I checked all 437 pspautotests .prx and CrossCraft's own app.prx -
none have any. Of 24 installed homebrew EBOOTs, zero carry debug info; CrossCraft
only does because it ships app.elf separately. So this helps someone developing
homebrew, and does nothing at all for a commercial game.
Costs about 1.2 MB for a large Zig binary (98383 rows, 438 files) and nothing
for anything without debug info. Follows bAutoSaveLoadSymbols like the symbols
do.
pspautotests 314/314, UnitTest 55/55, CoreUWP builds.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01GZq8ZtJmFY7bkX5FVkr3P9
New events, all read-only (never mutate kernel state, no cleanup/sort calls
- see HLEKernelObjectSubscriber.cpp's header comment):
- hle.object.list: every live kernel object of every type at once (uid,
type, name, one-line quickInfo), with an optional 'type' filter. Uses
KernelObjectPool::IterateAll(), a new type-agnostic sibling of the
existing Iterate<T>().
- hle.eventflag.list/info, hle.mutex.list/info, hle.semaphore.list/info,
hle.msgpipe.list/info, hle.callback.list/info: per-type full detail
(all Native* status struct fields plus waiting-thread lists), reading
straight off the classes exposed in the previous commit.
Also adds JsonWriter::DictScope/ArrayScope (Common/Data/Format/JSONWriter.h)
- RAII push/pop for pushDict()/pushArray(), used throughout the new
handlers. A forgotten or early-returned pop() previously just produced
silently malformed JSON; with 11 new handlers each writing a handful of
nested arrays/dicts, that seemed worth fixing at the API level rather
than trusting every call site to pair things up by hand. Existing
handlers are untouched - this is purely additive.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01GZq8ZtJmFY7bkX5FVkr3P9
Lets a client query all log categories (Common/Log.h's Log enum) with their
current level/enabled state, and change a channel's level and/or enabled
state at runtime - same data LogConfigScreen already exposes in the UI, now
reachable from the debugger protocol. Levels are named strings (notice,
error, warning, info, debug, verbose) rather than the 1-6 numbers the
existing passive 'log' event uses (LogBroadcaster.cpp, left unchanged) -
clearer for a config-style API where you're not scanning a stream.
Registered as a new subscriber alongside the others in WebSocket.cpp, and
wired into all the build systems that need a new source file (CMake, the
Windows and UWP vcxprojs, Android.mk - libretro's Makefile.common doesn't
build any WebSocket debugger files so needs no entry).
Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01GZq8ZtJmFY7bkX5FVkr3P9
Decoding a GE display list previously meant memory.read-ing the raw bytes
and hand-decoding each 32-bit command word against GPU/ge_constants.h's
GECommand enum - which is exactly what it took to find this session's
actual headline VSH boot finding (a display list that clears the screen
once, sets up per-icon render state 6 times, and never issues a single
further draw call - see docs/VSHBootInvestigation.md Attempt 22). That
manual process is real, repeatable, and error-prone by hand; PPSSPP
already has a proper GE disassembler (GPU/GeDisasm.cpp's
GeDisassembleOp(), and GPUCommon::DisassembleOpRange() built on top of
it) used by the ImGui/Windows GE debugger UI - it just wasn't reachable
from the WebSocket API.
New Core/Debugger/WebSocket/GPUDisasmSubscriber.cpp exposes
gpu->DisassembleOpRange() as gpu.displaylist.disasm, mirroring
memory.disasm's own parameter conventions (address+count or
address+end, capped at 10000 commands) and compact mode (one string per
command, "AAAAAAAA desc", instead of the full {address,cmd,op,desc}
object) added in the previous commit. GE command words live in normal
guest RAM like CPU code, so - unlike gpu.buffer.* - this doesn't require
the CPU/GPU to be paused first, matching memory.disasm's own live-read
behavior.
Added to all 6 build systems that compile the WebSocket debugger
(CMakeLists.txt, Core.vcxproj(.filters), UWP's CoreUWP.vcxproj(.filters),
android/jni/Android.mk - libretro doesn't build any Debugger/WebSocket
files at all, so nothing to add there).
Verified live via PPSSPPHeadless + wsdbg against a real demo ELF: both
compact and full-JSON modes correctly decode real GE command words (NOP/
NOP_FF) with no errors. UnitTest.exe all: 49/49 passed.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01GZq8ZtJmFY7bkX5FVkr3P9
Adds Core/MIPS/InterpreterDispatch.cpp, the checked-in output of
GenerateInterpreterDispatch() (see the previous commit), and hooks it
into RunUntilFast() in MIPSTables.cpp in place of the old
MIPSGetInstruction()-based table walk + indirect call through
instr->interpret. The checked-with-breakpoints/memchecks path
(RunUntilWithChecks) is untouched for now, since it inspects
MIPSInstruction flags directly and correctness there matters most.
Also fixes a real crash in headless.cpp found while testing this:
cmdLineOptions.gpuBackend.value() would throw when unset (e.g. with
--graphics=software), now uses value_or().
Verified with `test.py -g --cpu=interpreter --graphics=software`:
313/314 pass; the one failure (cpu/fpu/fpu) is a pre-existing
interpreter-vs-JIT denormal (flush-to-zero) difference, confirmed to
fail identically with the old table-walking dispatch, so unrelated to
this change.
Adds Tools/update-dispatcher.py to regenerate InterpreterDispatch.cpp
from a built PPSSPPHeadless binary whenever the MIPSTables.cpp tables
change.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_019SKhm9wKEQzRUsx9mTrrtQ
Some games survive with a loaded sceAtrac, and start talking to
sceAudioCodec instead, the underlying library, though unsuccessfully
since it's not properly implemented yet.
