The PS1 emulator draws sprites with their corners on pixel centers (x.5) and
their texture coordinates on texel centers. At 1x that covers whole pixels,
but above 1x it covers half a pixel more on the right and bottom and reads
the neighbouring texels, which shows as seams between tiles. With compat.ini's
SnapHalfPixelSprites, such sprites and their texture coordinates are moved back
half a pixel, which draws the same at 1x. Texture coordinates are also nudged
a 64th of a texel in, as a scaled sprite can sample right on a texel edge,
where interpolation can fall short of the texel the GE reads (the emulator's
video unpacking does).
Set for PS1 games (POPS00000).
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Where the backend has no logic op and no framebuffer fetch, the logic op is
done in the shader against a copy of the framebuffer taken when the batch is
drawn, so draws batched together don't see each other. The PS1 emulator puts
each 24-bit video frame together by ORing passes into the same pixels, so it
lost all but the last. With compat.ini's SeparateLogicOpDraws, such draws are
flushed one at a time, and the rectangles of one draw are split, as they can
overlap too.
It costs a framebuffer copy per draw. Set for PS1 games (POPS00000).
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
compat.ini's NativeResolutionFramebuffer (an address) keeps that framebuffer at
1x whatever the render resolution, for one that holds data read back texel by
texel: the PS1 emulator unpacks 24-bit video into one three bytes per pixel.
Set for PS1 games (POPS00000).
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
A framebuffer the game always keeps at one size, and also reads and writes
outside the area it draws: the PS1 emulator's VRAM, a 1024x512 16-bit surface
it copies between and reads back from the CPU. compat.ini's FixedFramebuffer
("address,width,height") makes it that size instead of one estimated from the
drawing, initializes it from memory even when the first draw doesn't look like
one, and uploads into it without filtering, since what goes in is data that's
read back (#22686 saw FFVI crash on bilinear uploads at 4x).
Set for PS1 games (POPS00000).
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
- Fixes#12082
The bit-exact VFPU dot product is the default everywhere and fast enough,
so the plain multiply-add paths in the interpreter and the IR frontend go,
along with the AccurateVdot setting, --accurate-vdot, the ForceAccurateVdot
compat flag and the Vec4Dot IR op, which nothing emits any more.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
The hook on the decode function fixed hit-testing, but the solid color
picking frames could stay visible on screen, more so at high render
resolutions. Reading back at sceGeDrawSync(0), right after the game
waits for the pass, doesn't show them. Only the framebuffer the last
list drew to is read back. Rularia found and tested this at 10x on
ULJS00216.
The new ColorPickingDrawSyncReadback compat flag replaces the
ReplaceTables hook, and ULJS00247 (the third game's UMD) is added
alongside the others.
Co-Authored-By: Rularia <Rularia@outlook.com>
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
- Fixes#22514
The 3D investigation mode renders an ID picking pass into VRAM and reads
it back on the CPU to build the hit-test table. Hook the decode function
to flush the framebuffers to VRAM first, and force lower resolution for
effects to avoid stutter.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Since the sequential copies heuristic went (50696c5b1f), every partial readback
waits for the GPU. Motorstorm reads parts of the screen about 18 times a frame,
and ran about 75% slower than 1.20.4: 5403 blocking readbacks in 10 emulated
seconds, against 156.
With the flag, the first partial color readback of a buffer reads all of it into
a copy outside PSP memory, and the pieces until the next render to the buffer
are copied from there. Unlike the old heuristic, only what the game asked for is
written to PSP memory. Motorstorm is back to 153 blocking readbacks and 1.20.4's
speed, with identical output. Grand Knights History, which the heuristic was
added for, gets the flag too.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
The games that needed vmmul's accurate dot products (Tekken 6, Warriors Orochi,
Tomb Raider Anniversary) now get AccurateVdot for every dot product, even with
the setting turned off.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
The same as GachiTora: without it, GPUs with cull distances draw parts the PSP
range-culls after clipping.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
A strip through the near plane leaves a sliver at the screen edge on GPUs with
cull distances, where it isn't software clipped. The PSP range-culls it after
clipping.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Vulkan: Batch Jackass' tiled in-place color grade
Jackass: The Game color grades the framebuffer in 32x64 tiles, one channel
per pass, texturing from the framebuffer it renders to. Each of the 225
draws became a depal pass plus a pass drawing it back, 450 render passes
per frame. A new queue hack, enabled by the TiledDepalHack compat flag,
sorts these pairs into waves of non-overlapping tiles and runs each wave
as one depal pass and one draw pass, leaving 6.
Output is byte-identical to before on both dumps from the issue, at 1x
and 3x on desktop, and at 1x on both phones below.
Time saved per post-processed frame, from replaying the dumps from the
issue with headless --bench (each replay renders that frame once):
Redmi 9A (PowerVR GE8320): ~145ms at 1x, ~180ms at 2x
Unisoc UMS9632 (Mali-G57): ~55ms at 1x and 2x
Either is more than a whole 33ms frame, so on those GPUs this pass alone
ruled out 30fps.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
- Fixes#21391
Makes the hardware backends tessellate Bezier patches and splines with the
GE-exact evaluation the software renderer uses. Fixes the z-fighting glow
under the floor grates in Coded Arms.
AGENTS.md: Put "- Fixes #N" first in commit messages
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
The Tantalus games (Cars Race-O-Rama, MX vs ATV Reflex and Untamed, SpongeBob)
turn depth into fog with a CLUT16 read of the swizzled depth mirror, stretched
2x into a 565 view of an 8888 buffer. A following 8888 copy writes the scene's
RGB and keeps the alpha, so each pixel's fog factor is the upper 565 half.
At a higher render scale, the depth X swizzle snapped every render pixel to its
PSP pixel's left edge, so the fog came out in PSP-pixel blocks. It now keeps the
position within the PSP pixel. That leaves the upper half sampling the right
half of the depth texel, half a pixel off the scene, which drew magenta halos on
the right of objects in Cars. With the new DepthCLUTIntoHalves compat flag, the
depal pass outputs twice as wide so each render pixel reads its own 8888 pixel's
depth.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
The shader depal CLUT8 mode now handles 565, 5551 and 4444 framebuffers
(the format goes in the depal format bits, which this mode didn't fill
before), rebuilding the 16-bit pixel and taking its low or high byte.
This replaces SOCOMClut8Replacement, which assumed the high byte.
- The GE samples a pixel at its corner, the GPU at its center. With u
stepping two bytes per pixel (SOCOM and Bend's games use u = 1 + 2x)
that's a whole byte, so the shader steps back to the corner.
- The CLUT index shift, mask and start are applied, as in the other
depal modes.
- The self-render copy region counted CLUT8's U in pixels, not bytes.
SOCOM, Star Wars: The Force Unleashed and the NPJG90068 dumps improve a
lot. Syphon Filter and Resistance: Retribution now read the right bytes,
which exposes a 16-bit precision difference in their bright pass.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
The flare's occlusion result is rendered into every other 16-bit pixel of a
palette whose other half is uploaded from memory, then read back as a CLUT.
Two things broke it at 2x:
- The CLUT8-from-8888 shader depal picked the byte out of each pixel using
the scaled texture size, so at 2x it read the wrong byte. It now works in
PSP units (from u_texclamp, which it now always gets) and samples the
pixel's center, not its edge, which is a render pixel boundary when
scaled.
- The palette upload was linearly filtered when stretched, blending each
16-bit half with its neighbour. Burnout Dominator joins Ridge Racer in
NearestFilteringOnFramebufferCreate.
1x and 3x only worked because their sample points happened to land inside
the right texels.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
The same engine as Cars Race-O-Rama, with the same 8x8 copy out of VRAM. Without
the readback the value the CPU reads never changes, so its brightness adaptation
stays frozen; with it, it follows the software renderer's.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
The game reduces the scene to 8x8 on the GPU, block transfers that into RAM,
and the CPU sets its brightness adaptation from it. With BlockTransferAllowCreateFB
the copy went into a GPU-side buffer instead, the CPU read stale RAM, and the
game kept getting darker on the hardware backends (#15914).
New compat flag BlockTransferReadbackSmall: transfers of up to 64 pixels into
RAM are still read back, a frame late, so it doesn't stall. Brightness from
the issue's savestate now follows the software renderer's (72 vs 84 at 6 s,
84 vs 95 at 20 s, from 25 and falling), at the same speed as before.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Partial red, green and blue write masks now always go through the shader with
a framebuffer read. Across the frame dump set this only improves games outside
the old list (Split/Second, Ultimate Ghosts 'n Goblins, older DiRT 2 and OutRun
dumps without a game ID). Partial alpha masks keep the old heuristic: alpha is
the stencil, with its own write mask, and taking the shader path for them made
Pro Yakyu Spirits and Gangs of London worse.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Its glow sets the 5551 alpha through a 565 draw with only the top blue bit
unmasked. Without the flag the whole blue channel was written, tinting the
glow; 25276 -> 4274 pixels off the PSP in issue #20728's dump.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
There are a few games that seem to rely on performance problems or
timing quirks to hold the correct pace when playing sceMpeg - have not
been able to nail down any other timing mechanism.
This adds a timing enforcement function.
Coded by Claude.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
